Niger+Political+system


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=**POLITICAL SYSTEM**=

Type: Republic. Independence: August 3, 1960. Constitution: A new constitution will be voted on in a national referendum on October 31, 2010. Branches: //Executive//--president and prime minister.

The president of Niger represents the nation as the as the constitutional head of the country. He is considered the head of the state on whose name the government of Niger runs officially. Recently, the new Constitution of Niger changed it with a semi-presidential governmental system. The procedure for electing the President of Niger is different from rest of the elections in the country. The President in Niger is elected for a term of five years and along with the Prime Minister. The two of them share and exercise the executive powers of the government. The following is a list of things the president does while in office: The prime minister of Niger acts as the head of the government in the country. The president is the actual head, but the prime minister acts as second most powerful. The prime minister is selected from a group of 3 candidates by the President. General powers and functions of Niger Prime Minister are enlisted below:
 * The President is responsible for giving formal assent to all the bills and signing them
 * As the Head of the National Assembly, the President summons the legislature and has the powers to even dissolve it
 * He is empowered to refer back a bill to the National Assembly for reconsidering its constitutionality
 * Only the President is entitled to pardon or reprieve offenders, and remit any penalties, forfeitures or fines on their part
 * The President confers both military and civil awards and honors upon the inhabitants of Niger
 * He may make appointments occasionally, if required to do so under the request of the legislation or as per the Constitutional rules and laws
 * He appoints enquiry commissions on as per political demands and requirements of the nation
 * The Niger President receives and recognizes am
 * The Prime Minister of Niger chooses the members to form the Council of Ministers, who are all formally appointed by the President
 * He solves all problems arising within various departments of the government
 * The Prime Minister allocates and distributes portfolios among his Council of Ministers
 * The Niger Prime Minister advises the President on all important matters concerning the government and the national security and welfare
 * The Prime Minister is empowered to drop any minister from his cabinet, in spite of him being appointed by the President
 * He is responsible for presiding over all the meetings of his Council of Ministers
 * All policies on governmental level are decided by the Prime Minister

Political parties: 52 Political Parties

Suffrage: The constitution provides for universal suffrage for Nigeriens age 18 or older.

Administrative subdivisions: Eight regions subdivided into 36 districts (departments) and 266 communes (local councils, both urban and rural). []

List of Heads of State of Niger

 * ~ Tenure ||~ Incumbent ||~ Affiliation ||~ Notes ||
 * 10 November 1960 to 15 April 1974 || **[|Hamani Diori]**, President || PPN-RDA || Deposed in the [|1974 coup d'état] ||
 * 17 April 1974 to 10 November 1987 || **[|Seyni Kountché]**, President of the Supreme Military Council || Mil || Died in office ||
 * 10 November 1987 to //17 May 1989// || **[|Ali Saibou]**, President of the Supreme Military Council || Mil || Interim to 14 November 1987 ||
 * //17 May 1989// to //20 December 1989// || **[|Ali Saibou]**, President of the Supreme Council of National Orientation ||^  ||   ||
 * //20 December 1989// to 16 April 1993 || **[|Ali Saibou]**, President || MNSD ||  ||
 * 16 April 1993 to 27 January 1996 || **[|Mahamane Ousmane]**, President || CDS-Rahama || Deposed in the [|1996 coup d'état] ||
 * 27 January 1996 to //7 August 1996// || **[|Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara]**, Chairman of the National Salvation Council || Mil ||  ||
 * //7 August 1996// to 9 April 1999 || **[|Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara]**, President || UNIRD || Assassinated in the [|1999 coup d'état] ||
 * 11 April 1999 to 22 December 1999 || **[|Daouda Malam Wanké]**, Chairman of the National Reconciliation Council || Mil ||  ||
 * 22 December 1999 to 18 February 2010 || **[|Mamadou Tandja]**, President || MNSD-Nassara || Deposed in the [|2010 coup d'état] ||
 * 18 February 2010 to present || **[|Salou Djibo]**, Chairman of the [|Supreme Council for the Restoration of Democracy] || Mil ||  ||

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